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Pilot Pharmacokinetic Study of Ketorolac in the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus
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| A.R. Souza, G.A. Lewbart *, M.G. Papich |
| Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA |
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Abstract: (1139 Views) |
| Only recently has invertebrate pain begun to be recognized and described (Harrison, 1994; Hanke, 1997; Quesada, 2011; Magee, 2013; Sneddon, 2014). Some crustaceans respond to painful stimuli, such as the loss of an appendage, by a rubbing behavior of the affected area.Research has also shown there are opioid receptors within crustacean eye stalks (Harrison, 1994; Hanke, 1997; Elwood, 2009; Sneddon, 2014). In spite of these recent discoveries, there are still many questions remaining, such as if there is effective pain management for invertebrates (Rowley, 2005; Barr, 2011; Quesada, 2011). Decapod crustaceans like blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) are an important commercial food species for human consumption and the highest value seafood product in North Carolina (An Analysis of North Carolina’s Seafood Industry: National and State Perspectives, 2013). Many crustacean species, including blue crabs, are also maintained as display animals and for research.Therefore, as part of any animal welfare program, effective pain management should be addressed. |
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Full-Text [PDF 239 kb]
(630 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Article Review |
Subject:
Aquaculture and Nutrition
Received: 2020/02/9 | Accepted: 2020/02/9 | Published: 2020/02/9
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