Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences (SFS) ISSN: 2368-7487 Published By : Writerr Publication The Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences (SFS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal dedicated to the publication of original research, reviews, and short communications in the fields of fisheries and aquaculture. The journal provides a platform for advancements in aquatic sciences, covering areas such as aquatic ecosystems, aquaculture practices, fish health, nutrition, environmental impacts, fish processing, and the socio-economic aspects of fisheries. Submissions must be original, unpublished work. All articles undergo a double-blind peer review process, evaluated by expert reviewers, with final decisions made by the editorial board. Accepted articles are published online and made freely accessible to the global scientific community.
Water Quality Alterations of a Tropical Suburban Lentic Ecosystem Due to Sewage Influx
Lentic freshwater bodies serve mankind in different ways of which prime importance bags as sources of drinking water for local population. However, unscrupulous activities of mankind destroy pristine water sources by discharge of sewage, effluents, plastic pollution, etc. An investigation was undertaken to assess heavy metal content and seasonal physico-chemical parameters in a suburban sewage dumping pond in comparison with a neighbouring non-sewage dumping pond. Seasonal water samples were analysed to quantify trace metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Zn) and physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) employing standard methods and procedures. Pre-monsoon registered significantly elevated concentrations of heavy metals in the sewage-fed pond. Physico-chemical parameters exhibited marked seasonal variability with EC, TDS and COD demonstrating positive correlations with heavy metal concentrations, suggesting enhanced metal solubility and mobility under altered hydro-chemical conditions. Pearson correlation and principal component analysis (PCA), revealed strong interrelationships between anthropogenic inputs, redox potential, and seasonal fluctuations. The study underscores the synergistic effect of sewage influx and seasonal variation on metal speciation and aquatic chemistry, advocating the urgent need for integrated pond ecosystem management.
Sewage Pollution, Hydrography, Ezhakulam Pond, Heavy metal Content
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences
Secure Data Storage and Sharing for IoT Devices
As the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to expand, the need for secure data storage and sharing has become a pressing concern. With millions of devices generating vast amounts of data, the risk of data breaches, hacking, and unauthorized access is increasingly high. This paper proposes a novel approach to secure data storage and sharing for IoT devices, utilizing blockchain technology and edge computing. The proposed system utilizes a decentralized architecture, where IoT devices are equipped with blockchain-enabled nodes that store and manage their own data. Edge computing is employed to process and analyze data in real-time, reducing the need for centralized servers and minimizing latency. The blockchain-based architecture ensures that data is secure, tamper-proof, and transparent, with immutable records and consensus-based validation. The proposed system has significant implications for various industries, including healthcare, finance, and transportation. By providing a secure and transparent platform for data storage and sharing, this technology can revolutionize the way IoT devices interact with each other and with humans.
IoT, Data, Storage, Blockchain, Encryption
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences
Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Irrigation Water from the Yamuna River: A Review
Delhi relies on the Yamuna River, one of the nation's most contaminated. Yamuna River is the main irrigation and water source. Farmers farm the entire Yamuna Pusta. Water quality depends on physicochemical and biological qualities. pH, temperature, and minute amounts of necessary and superfluous metals in water can make it unsafe for humans. Home and industrial sources cause 85% of pollution. Private and industrial waste from coal washery, plastic, steel, food processing, metal work, and leather tanning pollutes the river. The principal sources of heavy metal contamination in water are these activities. Metals in polluted soil bioaccumulate in crops. Heavy metal ions like Cd (II), Hg (II), Pb (II), Ni (II), As (V and III), Cr (VI), and Cu (II) in water can cause liver damage, kidney impairment, stomach and skin tumors, mental ailments, and reproductive system damage. Therefore, heavy metal effluence in water must be measured and eliminated. This study examines Yamuna River water and agricultural samples. To study heavy metals' harmful consequences.
Heavy Metals , Yamuna Water , Contamination , Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) , Bioaccumulation
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences
Heavy Metal Characteristics and Their Spatial-Temporal Distribution in Trans-Yamuna Aquifer, Palwal District, Haryana, India
The Trans-Yamuna aquifer in Palwal District, Haryana, India, is a vital water source for both agricultural and domestic uses. This study explores the characteristics and spatial-temporal distribution of heavy metals within this aquifer to evaluate potential environmental and health risks. Over the course of one year, water samples were systematically collected from various sites within the aquifer. Heavy metal concentrations—specifically lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and chromium (Cr)—were measured using advanced analytical techniques such as atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results reveal notable spatial variability in metal concentrations, with higher levels detected near industrial and agricultural areas. Additionally, seasonal variations were observed, with elevated metal concentrations during the monsoon season, attributed to runoff and leaching. Heavy metal concentrations were generally higher than permissible limits at most sites, ranging from 0.001 to 0.8 ppm, except for iron, which exhibited different behavior. Zinc showed the highest concentration variability, while cadmium had minimal fluctuation. A significant increase in cobalt (Co) and iron (Fe) concentrations, along with a decrease in groundwater quality, was noted in the post-monsoon period. Metal abundances varied, with the following order observed: Fe > Pb > Ni > Zn > Cr > Cd > Cu > Co > Mn in pre-monsoon and Ni > Zn > Fe > Cd > Cu > Pb > Co > Cr > Mn in post-monsoon periods. Rural areas exhibited a marked change in metal abundance patterns. Correlation analysis revealed a stronger relationship among deep groundwater samples in pre-monsoon compared to post-monsoon samples, with the highest correlation found in urban areas. Overall, heavy metal concentrations exhibited a concentric zonal distribution, with higher levels near the urban-rural fringe and decreasing towards the periphery.
Heavy Metal, Trans-Yamuna Aquifer, AAS, Health Risks, Anemia, India
Unraveled Insights Behind The Kazhugumalai Jain Beds
This research explores the rock-cut heritage of Kazhugumalai, situated in the Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu, as a definitive archaeological and epigraphical record of early medieval Jainism. Renowned as the "Ellora of the South" for its monolithic Hindu Vettuvan Koil, Kazhugumalai simultaneously serves as the largest repository of Jain inscriptions and sculptures in far south India. This study examines the iconographic program of over 150 bas-relief Tirthankara figures, analyzing their stylistic evolution under the patronage of the early Pandyas. Centrally, the paper focuses on the collection of nearly 102 Vatteluthu inscriptions that document a sophisticated monastic network. Unlike royal land-grant charters, these "votive labels" serve as primary evidence for an "open-air university," detailing pedagogical lineages between monk-teachers (kuravadigal) and students (manakki). These records reveal a significant socio-religious phenomenon: the high status of female ascetics (kurattigal), who are recorded as both esteemed scholars and independent donors. By synthesizing archaeological evidence from primary works by C. Sivaramamurti and P.B. Desai, this research argues that Kazhugumalai was not merely a site of isolated penance but a thriving center of Jain theology and religious syncretism that interconnected major southern Jain hubs like Kottar and Chitharal. The findings underscore the enduring legacy of the Jain community within the broader cultural and architectural landscape of the Tamil country during the 8th and 9th centuries C.E.
Kazhugumalai – Jaina Abode – Thirthankaras – Vettuvan Kovil – Scuptures
Phytoconstituent Analysis Of Methanolic Extract Of Gracilaria Fergusonii Collected From Hare Island, Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu, India.
The main objective of this present study was to investigate the phytoconstituent present in methanol extract of Gracilaria fergusonii collected from Hare Island, Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu, India. The phytochemical analysis of methanol extract was estimated using the standard procedure for UV-Vis spectroscopic, FT-IR and HPLC. The crude extracts of the selected Gracilaria fergusonii J.Ag. species was scanned in a wavelength ranging from 200-900nm. Seven functional groups were identified using FTIR spectrophotometer in the range of 4000 to 400cm-1. The qualitative HPLC fingerprint profile of methanol extract of Gracilaria fergusonii J.Ag. was chosen at a wavelength of 254nm due to sharpness of the peaks and proper baseline. There are fifteen compounds were separated from Gracilaria fergusonii J.Ag. The profile observed five prominent peaks at the retention time of 1.483min, 1.570min, 1.743min, 1.850min, 2.017min, followed by ten moderate peaks were predicted at the retention time of 1.273min, 2.247min, 3.520min, 3.850min, 4.220min, 4.517min, 4.703min, 5.107min, 7.037min and 12.230min.
Drowned in Silence: State-Engineered Erasure, Smuggling Economies, and the Perilous Maritime Journeys of the Rohingya in Habiburahman’s
ABSTRACT The Rohingya crisis in Myanmar illustrates how this Muslim minority community from Myanmar's Rakhine State, were driven to undertake the deadly sea voyages not by choice, but by the systematic destruction of their legal and human existence. Using Habiburahman’s memoir First They Erased Our Name, the study draws on Edward Said's theory of the Other and Hannah Arendt's philosophy of statelessness to show that the violence of the sea crossings was the direct consequence of state-engineered identity erasure. The Myanmar state's 1982 Citizenship Law stripped the Rohingya of legal recognition, leaving them without documents, rights, or protection and therefore uniquely vulnerable to exploitation by transnational smuggling networks. This paper argues that smuggling networks did not create Rohingya vulnerability rather they profited from conditions that the state had already manufactured. Habiburahman's memoir is read not only as a record of suffering, but also as a political and literary act of resistance. The paper concludes by calling for a fundamental reconceptualization of international responses to statelessness moving beyond humanitarian management toward the restoration of political membership and citizenship rights.
Rohingya, statelessness, identity erasure, smuggling networks, maritime displacement, postcolonial theory, Other.
D. G. Driver’s Cry Of The Sea: An Ecological Perception Of The Human Psyche And Experience
This study is an investigation on D.G.Driver’s ecological perception of, Cry of the Sea. The researchers have planned to incorporate the novelist’s ecological imagination so as to foreground the ecological engagement between the human and the non-human worlds. This article is a strong argument that dismantles anthropocentricism. D.G.Driver envisions the sea not as a passive backdrop but as an active sentient presence that engulfs the deep-seated motif called the environmental activism. D.G.Driver, through her protagonist June, uses the mermaids to communicate the environmental degradation. The mermaids as metaphors become central to the contemporary existential inquiry. Cry of the Sea is situated within the trajectory of ecological perception. This article explores how D.G.Driver’s Cry of the Sea creates an imbalance of anxiety that results in loss and even trauma. The novelist privileges a literary vision that aligns ecological ethics with morality. This article delves deep into themes of conservation, empathy toward nature and the consequent environmental interactions. The context significantly opens up for a deeper exploration of how nature is impacted upon by human contamination, like the oil. The novel investigates human connectedness with nature. It further explores how the marine environment influences the characters like Juniper Sawfeather. This article further furnishes the ecological themes into the storyline. Eventually, this article positions Cry of the Sea within the border context of eco humanism. At the same time, the article also highlights the novel’s contributions to environmental ecological literature and ethical reflections. This article is a textual analysis confined to the parameters of the eco-critical paradigm. The character analysis strengthens the article as to how nature’s interactions with humans and vice versa help one to comprehend the broader impact of the novel’s ecological themes. The novel profoundly increases one’s ecological consciousness. One is also aware of the characters’ significant psychological growth. The findings can be used to promote ecological education. They can also be used to incorporate a more eco-centric approach in environmental policies.
Ecology, Anthropocentricism, Environmental, Degradation, Trajectory, Trauma, Ecohumanism, Ecocritical Paradigm, Ethics, Oceanic Narrative, Impairment.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chitosan-Fused Silver Nanoparticles Against Human pathogens and Surface-Borne Pathogens
Surface-borne pathogens pose a significant threat to public health due to their ability to persist on frequently touched surfaces and contribute to nosocomial and community-acquired infections. The present study investigates the synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan-fused silver nanoparticles (Ch-AgNPs) against a range of clinically relevant surface-borne bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus sp., Salmonella abony, Lactobacillus plantarum, Acinetobacter sp., and others. Results demonstrated that Ch-AgNPs exhibited superior antibacterial activity compared with standard chitin, extracted chitin, chitosan, and chito-oligosaccharides, indicating potential application in surface sanitation and biomedical coatings.
Chitosan, Silver Nanoparticles, Antimicrobial Activity, Surface-Borne Pathogens, Nanocomposites, Zone of Inhibition.
A Case Study About Major Environment Challenges In Dholpur District Of Rajasthan
This paper deals with study about major environment issues and challenges in Dholpur district of Rajasthan .
Silicosis, mining, Kesarbagh Wildlife Sanctuary, silico-tuberculosis, Chambal river
Financial Performance Evaluation of Smart Grid Infrastructure as a Strategic Tool for Sustainable Energy Transition in India
India is moving rapidly toward sustainable energy transition due to rising electricity demand, climate change concerns, and policy commitments under the Paris Agreement. Smart Grid infrastructure is considered a strategic enabler for renewable energy integration, energy efficiency, and grid stability. However, large-scale deployment requires huge capital investment, and therefore financial performance evaluation becomes very important. This study evaluates the financial performance of Smart Grid infrastructure projects in India using secondary data from 2017 to June 2022. The study analyzes capital expenditure, operational expenditure, return on investment, government funding patterns, and cost savings using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Secondary data is collected from government reports, Ministry of Power publications, Power Grid Corporation reports, and international energy databases. The study applies financial ratios, cost-benefit analysis, net present value model, and statistical testing to evaluate viability. Findings indicate that although initial investment is high, Smart Grid projects show positive long-term financial sustainability with significant operational cost reductions and improved energy efficiency. The study concludes that Smart Grid infrastructure is not only technically viable but financially strategic for India's sustainable energy transition
Smart Grid Infrastructure, Sustainable Energy Transition, Financial Performance, Renewable Integration, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Energy Economics, Grid Modernization, Investment Analysis, India
Statistical techniques as investigatory tools for the Evaluation of Water Quality of Freshwater Ecosystems
Statistics plays crucial role in every field of mankind. Basic statistical techniques help researchers to design experiments, verify conclusions and systematic interpretations of results in various branches of natural as well as social sciences. Aquatic ecosystems being indispensable part of nature are important for the planet earth and human life. Amongst all the aquatic ecosystems, freshwater ecosystems play vital role in the survival of mankind as well as flora and fauna. Rivers are the most engrossing and multiplex freshwater ecosystem on the earth. Due to increased anthropogenic and natural activities these freshwater resources are getting exploited and becoming vulnerable to pollution. Evaluation of these systems becomes crucial as their hydrology is greatly affected by anthropogenic resources and climatic conditions. Being a developing country, Indian freshwater ecosystems are also getting affected by manmade and climatic changes. In present study River Beas (Punjab region) is taken into consideration being one of the major rivers flowing in India. With increasing anthropogenic activities and climatic changes in recent years, river water quality has become an issue of concern and there is need to incorporate multivariate statistical techniques for analysis of quality of the water. Statistical analysis provides crucial insight of many physico-chemical parameters. For this study The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S), principal component analysis/ factor analysis (PCA/FA) and two way ANOVA were applied that reduced huge data in small valuable data set. Two way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s HSD was applied to mean values to evaluate spatio temporal variations in selected water quality parameters. Principal component analysis specified the responsible variables for variations in water quality and included soluble salts, nutrients, organic pollutants and some heavy metals from both natural and anthropogenic sources.
Multivariate statistical techniques, Principal component analysis, Pollution, River Beas, Two way ANOVA
An Empirical Analysis of ESG Factors and Investment Decision-Making in India
This study empirically examines the influence of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors on investment decision-making among Indian investors in the post-implementation phase of mandatory sustainability reporting. Using primary survey data collected from 150 investors during January–March 2023, the study employs reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, and multiple regression techniques to assess the relative impact of ESG dimensions alongside financial return expectations and risk perception. The results indicate that environmental and governance factors significantly and positively influence investment decisions, while social factors play a comparatively weaker but still statistically significant role. Financial return expectations remain the dominant determinant, highlighting the pragmatic orientation of Indian investors. The regression model explains 55 per cent of the variance in investment decisions, confirming the growing yet complementary role of ESG considerations in capital allocation. The findings provide policy-relevant insights for regulators, firms, and market participants seeking to strengthen India’s sustainable finance ecosystem.
ESG Investing, Sustainable Finance, BRSR, Investor Behaviour, Indian Capital Markets.
Assessment of biochemical changes due to sub-lethal chronic toxicity in Labeo rohita exposed to Chloropyrifos and Neem oil.
Chloropyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide which is wide used across the state, while on the other hand use of Neem oil as biopesticide is a restricted affair. A detailed comparative toxicological implication of Chloropyrifos and Neem oil is lacking. Thus, this study is conceptualized to determine the LC50 values of Chloropyrifos (Commercial grade named as Dursban) and Neem oil on Labeo rohita (a well-known adequately consumed Indian major carp) and to further investigate the biochemical effects of two sub-lethal doses 1/2 of LC50 (0.021 mg/l) and 1/4th of LC50 (0.0105mg/l) of Chloropyrifos along with ½ of LC50 (22.32 mg/l) and ¼ th of LC50 (11.16mg/l) Neem oil. Among the biochemical parameters tested Serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides increased significantly (p < 0.0001) for both the sub-lethal doses of Chloropyrifos and Neem oil for a chronic exposure of 30 days in a dose and exposure dependent relationship but the level of increase is more in case of Chloropyrifos than Neem oil. Total serum protein and Liver glycogen showed a marked decline (p < 0.0001) for both the sub-lethal doses of Chloropyrifos and Neem oil, but the decline is more prominent in Chloropyrifos than Neem oil when exposed for 30 days of chronic toxicity. Overall result of the study indicates that Chloropyrifos is more harmful than Neem oil for non-target aquatic organism like fishes, hence care should be taken to manage contaminated agricultural run-off into the nearby water bodies serving as culture hub of fishes like labeo rohita.
Chloropyrifos, Neem oil, biochemical parameters, labeo rohita.
“Senga Snehalatae Sp. Nov. (Cestoda; Pseudophyllidea), A New Intestinal TapewormfromFreshwater Fish Koradi DamofBuldhana District (MS), India”
Senga, a new species of cestode, is described from a freshwater fish that was caught at Koradi Dam. While conductingsystematic surveys in the research area, the parasites were retrieved from the host's intestine. A close look at themorphology showed that the current form differs from previously documented species of the genus due to uniquefeatures in the rostellar hooks, bothria, scolex, and segment organization. Measurements of ovary anatomy, testiculardistribution, and mature and gravid proglottids provide additional evidence for its taxonomic originality. In order todocument diagnostic features, camera lucida illustrations were created. It is confirmed by comparison with other knownspecies that the specimen is a new species of Senga. The discovery highlights the rich but understudied helminthbiodiversity of freshwater ecosystems in Maharashtra. This finding contributes to the knowledge of cestode diversityand host–parasite relationships in Indian freshwater fishes.
Senga snehalatae sp. nov.; Pseudophyllidea; freshwater fish; cestode taxonomy; intestinal parasite; KoradiDam; Maharashtra.
Taxonomic Characterization of a New Circumoncobothrium Species (Cestoda) from Channa striata Collected at Koradi Dam, Buldhana District (MS) India
The present investigation describes a new species of cestode belonging to the genus Circumoncobothrium Shinde, 1968,recovered from the intestine of the freshwater fish Channa striata Bloch, 1793, collected from Koradi Dam, DistrictBuldhana (M.S.), India, four mature specimens were collected, processed using standard parasitological techniques,stained with acetocarmine and Harris hematoxylin, and examined under a compound microscope. Detailedmorphological and morphometric analyses were carried out for taxonomic identification. Comparative analysis with allpreviously described species of Circumoncobothrium reveals distinct differences in scolex morphology, number ofrostellar hooks, number and arrangement of testes, structure of ovary, and configuration of vitellaria. On the basis ofthese consistent morphological differences, the present form is established as a new species, Circumoncobothriumgawaii sp. nov., named in honor of the author’s surname. This study contributes to the growing knowledge of cestode diversity in freshwater fishes of India and expands thetaxonomic record of the genus Circumoncobothrium.
Circumoncobothrium gawaii, Mastacembelus armatus, Cestode parasite, Taxonomy
Ecology And Diversity Of Vascular Flora in Mural Habitats With Special Reference To Various Successional Stages In Selected Sites Of South Kamrup, Assam, N.E.India
Wall vegetation includes an interesting group of plants growing on artificial habitats like walls which are not only tolerant to different types of abiotic stresses such as strong light, heat, wind, cold, drought etc. but also thrives in substrates very poor in nutrients. Human has started constructing mud, stone and brick walls for various purposes thereby creating a conducive environment for the invasion and establishment of different plants including medicinal plant species. Pioneer species after invasion on the bare wall are replaced by other species in some orderly sequence during the course of time. Species living on rocks, stones or walls are also found to occur in rock and wall crevices where little amount of detritus and humus have accumulated. After surveying of various walls like retaining walls, garden walls, churchyard walls, building walls, fencing wall etc., it was observed that wall flora consists of different species which are at different stages of development and it includes mainly crustaceous lichens, different bryophytes, few ferns species including Adiantum sp., Pteris sp., many angiosperms such as Ficus glomerata, Ficus religiosa, Eclipta alba, Portulaca oleracea, Ludwigia adscandans, Euphorbia hirta, Cleome sp., Ocimum sanctum, Sonchus sp. etc. In the present study, 99 species are recorded of which 8 are pteridophytes and rest 91 are angiosperms. Out of 91 species, 72 species are Dicotyledons and 19 species are Monocotyledons. After the taxonomic analysis of these wall flora, families belonging to dicotyledons that were successfully grown is Compositae with 17 species followed by Euphorbiaceae with 6 species, Acanthaceae with 5 species etc. Out of 19 species of Monocotyledons, the family Gramineae is represented by 11 species followed by followed by the family Commelinaceae with 4 species. As the inclination of a mural site decreases, the number of species increases as the exposure of the sites is very important to invasion of different species in these artificial habitats. Species showing a marked preference for north- facing wall surfaces besides on South, West or East-facing walls because here the humidity and temperature ranges are usually small. There are pronounced and noticeable effects of atmospheric pollution on mural flora and is greatest on lichens followed by bryophytes. The pH values of the substrata which support mural vegetation usually lies between pH 7 and pH 9 in different stages of mural communities. Gradual decomposition of the wall by different agents and factors along with the accumulation of dust, soil particles and organic matter contributes minimum substrata for the development of a plant cover and thereby encourage the process of succession. In this regard, water, nutrient and light act as important limiting factor in development of mural communities in different sites and these dwelling communities possess special adaptations to tolerate fluctuations in the moisture content of the substratum and also to survive in habitats containing minimum nutrient content and sunlight availability. The anthropogenic influence on the communities is also strong which not only invites invasion of new species but may also gradually shift the direction of succession up to certain extent.
Detritus, Pioneer species, Mural communities, Substrata, Crustaceous lichens, pH, Succession, Limiting factor, Artificial habitats, Invasion, Abiotic stresses
Methodological Validation And Comparative Analysis Of Gravimetric, Volumetric, And Von Bayer's Techniques For Seasonal Fecundity Estimation In Cyprinus Carpio In Kasarwadi Reservoir, Parli.V Dist – Beed.
Precise estimation of egg volume and fecundity is central to reproductive biology, stock assessment, and recruitment modeling in Cyprinus carpio, a highly fecund and economically important freshwater teleost. Because common carp produce large numbers of small, morphologically uniform eggs, methodological accuracy in egg quantification directly influences interpretation of maternal investment, spawning potential, and population productivity. Despite widespread application of subsampling-based fecundity techniques, comparative validation of egg volume estimation methods under reservoir conditions remains limited. The present study provides a comprehensive methodological evaluation of three standardized egg-measurement approaches—gravimetric, volumetric, and Von Bayer’s micrometric methods—applied to ovarian samples of C. carpio collected seasonally from Kasarwadi Reservoir. The gravimetric method estimated fecundity through proportional extrapolation of egg counts from weighed ovarian subsamples to total ovary mass, whereas the volumetric method employed water-displacement–based volume subsampling to derive total egg number. The Von Bayer method involved calibrated microscopic measurement of oocyte diameter followed by geometric computation of individual egg volume, enabling high-resolution morphometric analysis. Replicate subsampling (n = 25 per dataset) was performed to enhance statistical robustness and minimize intra-ovarian heterogeneity bias. Comparative statistical analyses demonstrated strong positive correlations among estimates generated by all three methods, confirming their general reliability for fecundity determination. However, methodological sensitivity differed: gravimetric and volumetric techniques provided rapid, cost-effective, and field-applicable estimates suitable for large sample sizes, but their accuracy depended on uniform egg distribution and careful subsampling. In contrast, the Von Bayer’s micrometric approach yielded superior precision in egg diameter and volume estimation and allowed detection of intra-ovarian variability, making it particularly valuable for detailed reproductive and morphometric studies. Seasonal trends revealed peak fecundity during the monsoon (spawning) phase and reduced reproductive output during winter, consistent with environmentally regulated carp reproductive cycles. The findings establish an integrated methodological framework for standardized egg volume and fecundity assessment in C. carpio. While gravimetric and volumetric methods are recommended for large-scale reproductive surveys, the Von Bayer technique serves as a reference standard for precise egg morphometry. Adoption of combined methodological strategies enhances analytical reliability, strengthens reproductive evaluation, and supports evidence-based fisheries management and hatchery optimization in reservoir ecosystems.
Cyprinus carpio; fecundity estimation; egg volume; oocyte morphometry; reproductive biology; ovarian development; gravimetric method; volumetric method; Von Bayer’s method; morphometric analysis; subsampling technique; measurement accuracy; seasonal reproduction; maternal investment; reservoir fisheries; freshwater ecology; reproductive output; gonadosomatic index; stock assessment; fisheries management.
To Study the Relationship Between Teacher-Student Rapport, Emotional Intelligence, and Learning Outcomes Among Graduate Level Students
This mixed-methods study investigates teacher-student rapport, emotional intelligence, and learning outcomes among 250 graduate students in district Bulandshahr. Survey data (n=230) tested four hypotheses through structural equation modeling and mediation analysis. Teacher-student rapport strongly predicted outcomes (β=.61, p<.001), fully mediated by emotional intelligence (indirect=.34). High rapport students achieved 2.7x better performance despite equivalent cognitive ability. Qualitative themes revealed trust as primary mechanism linking rapport-EI-outcomes pathway.
teacher-student rapport, emotional intelligence, learning outcomes, mediation analysis, graduate students
To Study The Effect Of Psychological Resilience On Digital Learning Adoption And Academic Motivation Among Graduate Level Students
This mixed-methods investigation tests psychological resilience effects on digital learning adoption and academic motivation among 200 Muzaffarnagar graduate students. Survey data (n=180) rigorously examined four hypotheses via regression, mediation, and moderation analysis, corroborated by interviews (n=20). All hypotheses confirmed: resilience strongly predicted adoption (β=.58, p<.001), fully mediated motivation effects (indirect=.23), showed stronger PG effects (interaction β=.19), and high-resilience students achieved 2.3x engagement despite infrastructure parity.
psychological resilience, digital learning adoption, academic motivation, mediation analysis, graduate students
Exploring Social Media’s Role In Promoting Rural Destinations: A Case Study Of Thane And Nearby Areas
Rural tourism in India is experiencing a dynamic shift, driven in large part by the growing influence of social media. In regions like Thane and its surrounding rural areas—such as Jawhar, Wada, Dehna, and Shahapur—platforms including Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube have emerged as critical tools for destination promotion, digital storytelling, and tourism marketing. This study investigates the role of social media in shaping tourism patterns and awareness in these lesser-known parts of Maharashtra. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, the research draws on quantitative data from 500 domestic tourists and qualitative insights from 20 local stakeholders, including homestay owners, tour operators, and rural entrepreneurs. The findings indicate that 44% of tourists discovered these destinations via Instagram, followed by Facebook (26%) and YouTube (18%). Post social media exposure, rural Thane recorded a surge in tourist footfall, with growth rates ranging from 150% to 240%. Communities reported a range of benefits, such as increased income, enhanced infrastructure, and expanded entrepreneurial opportunities. However, the study also identifies emerging challenges, including overcrowding, waste management issues, and concerns over cultural dilution. This research adds localized, empirical insight to the broader discourse on digital tourism promotion. It proposes actionable strategies for sustainable rural tourism, such as enhancing digital literacy among hosts, implementing responsible influencer partnerships, and aligning tourism growth with eco-friendly policy frameworks. Ultimately, while social media offers immense potential for rural development, the findings underscore the need for mindful, inclusive, and sustainable tourism planning.
Social Media, Rural Tourism, Thane District, Destination Marketing, Community- based Tourism, Digital Promotion, Sustainable Tourism.
Status Review Of Fish Fauna Of Loktak Wetland Complex With Reference To Changing Dynamics Of The Wetland Ecology.
Loktak Lake – a Ramsar site of international importance – is a key biological diversity site in Manipur, India, being an important feature of wetland ecosystem within two significant global biodiversity hotspots, namely, the Eastern Himalaya and the Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspots. The Loktak Lake, a composition of several separate wetlands converged into a single spread of water by artificial regulation of Ithai Barrage for the 105 MW capacity Loktak Hydroelectric Power Project, is currently undergoing changes influenced by physical modifications, siltation, pollution, and eutrophication enhanced by inflow of chemical residue from nearby paddies and pollutant effluent discharge from urban and peri-urban areas. Extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides by farmers in peripheral agricultural fields, and their runoff thereof, along with pollutant effluent feed from direct in-flowing rivers like Nambul, Nambol and Moirang has accentuated the pace of degradation of the wetland ecology. A visible example of physical changes taking place is the rapid spread of invasive aquatic plants and weeds which are overcrowding the water body of the lake and posing threat to native species of food and medicinal plants traditionally harvested by local people for food, and for their livelihoods. At the same time, it is observed that fish fauna population in the lake has declined considerably owing to these influences. The paper attempts at understanding the human induced impacts on the lake ecology, the plant and animal lives, and upon the local fishing community by the changes taking place since the commissioning of Ithai Barrage in 1983. The methodology is empirical in design being based primarily on observations in field and through interaction with local fishing families. The suggested pathway is for rapid assessment of the current status of Loktak wetland complex, and, thereto, in finding ways to minimize the changes taking place through scientific intervention and community participation.
Loktak wetland complex, Ithai Barrage, physical changes in wetland ecology, biodiversity loss, fish fauna population decline.
Genetic Correlation of exterior and interior Quality Characteristicsin White Quail Egg
This study was conducted in poultry field of the Department of Animal Production -College of Agriculture -Kirkuk University to study phenotype correlation of some interior and exterior specific egg characteristics of white Japanese quail. 60 white quails were used, distributed after sexual maturity to 30 families (male and female per family) placed in vertical battery cages and bred for 12 weeks. Eggs were collected 4 times during 4 periods (every 3 weeks) to evaluate the interior and exterior specific characteristics of the egg. The results of the statistical analysis indicated a positive and significant genetic correlation of egg weight with egg length, egg width, egg surface area and shell weight. Also, there was a significant correlation between egg width and egg shape index, while shell thickness did not show any genetic correlation among all the exterior characteristics of the egg. About the genetic correlations between interior egg quality, the results of the statistical analysis indicated that there was a positive and significant genetic correlation for Albumin high with Albumin index, Haugh unit, yolk height and yolk index, as well as indicated a positive and significant genetic correlation between albumin index and Haugh unit. As for yolk index, the results indicated no genetic correlation between it and yolk weight, yolk ratio and yolk to albumin ratio. As for the genetic correlations between interior and exterior characteristics of the egg, the results indicated no genetic correlation with egg shape index and interior egg characteristics, as well as between Albumin height and all the exterior egg characteristics, while a positive and significantly genetic correlation observed between yolk index and shell thickness. We conclude from this study that there are some genetic correlations between exterior and interior quality traits of the egg, which helps us to understanding the characteristics of specific egg to improve it and increase fertility.
Genetic, correlation, egg, interior, exterior, and quail.
Effect of Probiotics and Feed Supplements on Running Mortality Syndrome (RMS) in Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone, 1931) Culture in Andhra Pradesh
This study evaluated the performance of shrimp culture in four ponds with a stocking density of 50 m², harvested on the 116th day of culture. Water quality parameters, including salinity (20–22 ppt), alkalinity (220–260), pH (7.9–8.5), ammonia (0.1–0.2 ppm), nitrite (0.1 ppm), and dissolved oxygen (5.4–6 ppm), were maintained within optimal ranges. Microbial colony counts varied, with yellow colonies ranging from 600 to 660 and green colonies from 70 to 180. Pond 1 achieved the highest survival rate (97%) and growth (33.5 g), followed by Pond A (95% survival, 10,374 kg production). In contrast, Pond 2 and Pond B exhibited lower survival rates (73% and 70%, respectively), reduced growth (21.8 g in Pond B), and higher feed conversion ratios (1.5 in Pond B, 1.48 in Pond 2). Pond 2 and Pond B also showed signs of Running Mortality Syndrome (RMS), including antennae cuts, reddish uropods, reddish-yellow hepatopancreas, and pale white bodies, with continuous daily mortalities. Pond 1 and Pond A, however, recorded no mortalities, attributed to the consistent use of specific probiotics. This study highlights the critical role of probiotics in enhancing survival, growth, and production while mitigating RMS in shrimp farming.
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences
Recent Advances In Psychiatric Nursing Practice: A Systematic Review
Psychiatric and mental health nurses play a central role in promoting safety, therapeutic engagement, and continuity of care across inpatient, community, and transitional mental health services. In recent years, rising service acuity, workforce pressures, and increased emphasis on rights-based and recovery-oriented care have driven developments in psychiatric nursing practice. This systematic review synthesised empirical evidence on recent advances in psychiatric nursing practice published between January 2011 and December 2021. Searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, the Directory of Open Access Journals, and Google Scholar identified 223 records. After removal of duplicates and completion of title, abstract, and full-text screening, 29 primary studies met inclusion criteria. Owing to heterogeneity in study designs, settings, interventions, and outcome measures, findings were synthesised narratively. Included studies comprised randomised and cluster randomised controlled trials, observational and quasi-experimental studies, quality improvement initiatives, mixed-methods research, and qualitative investigations. Evidence was organised into thematic domains reflecting contemporary practice priorities: ward safety and reduction of restrictive practices; structured psychosocial and recovery-oriented nursing interventions for severe mental illness; family and caregiver psychoeducation and support; therapeutic milieu innovations such as sensory modulation; workforce-focused interventions; and service delivery adaptations including tele-mental health. Reported outcomes commonly related to conflict and containment, restraint and seclusion use, caregiver burden, medication adherence, psychosocial functioning, continuity of care, and staff wellbeing. The findings indicate a shift toward integrated, relational, and prevention-focused psychiatric nursing practices, while also highlighting areas where further evaluative research is needed.
Psychiatric nursing; mental health nursing; restrictive practices; recovery oriented care; family psychoeducation; tele mental health
Artificial Intelligence in Academic Research: Foundations, Applications, and Implications for Research Effectiveness
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in academic research, offering unprecedented opportunities to enhance research processes, improve decision-making, and amplify research effectiveness. This review paper examines the foundations, applications, and implications of AI technologies across the research lifecycle. Drawing on classical AI frameworks including machine learning, natural language processing, expert systems, and data mining techniques, we synthesize evidence on AI applications in literature identification, research design, data analysis, and decision support. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model, Diffusion of Innovation Theory, Resource-Based View, and Knowledge-Based View, we develop a theoretical framework explaining AI adoption in research contexts. We identify critical challenges including data quality dependencies, interpretability concerns, and ethical methodological considerations. Discipline-specific applications in management, education, health sciences, and social sciences reveal both promising innovations and implementation barriers. Research gaps include insufficient integration of theoretical frameworks, limited longitudinal studies on research effectiveness, and underdeveloped ethical guidelines for AI-supported research. This review establishes the conceptual foundation for developing a robust research model linking AI capabilities to research outcomes through process efficiency and decision quality mediators, moderated by researcher expertise, data quality, and institutional support. Future research must address methodological rigor, transparency, and long-term impacts on research productivity and quality.
artificial intelligence, research methodology, machine learning, natural language processing, research effectiveness, technology adoption, research productivity, academic research support systems
A Historical Study Of Women’s Development Through Self Help Groups In Tirunelveli District
The aim of this research article is to understand the women’s development through Self Help Groups in Tirunelveli District. Women and men self-help groups and other community based organizations are the base for all the development activities of Tirunelveli Social Service Society(TSSS). TSSS, with the support of Tamil Nadu Women Development Corporation, has formed women self-help groups in the grassroots villages and federated them at Panchayat, block and district level for engendering the change in the socio economic lives of the target people. The Self Help Groups have been linked to banks, financial institutions and Government-line departments for mobilizing resources for their integral development. This article focuses the only women’s development through Self Help Groups in Tirunelveli District.
Self Help Groups, Tirunelveli District, women’s development, Tirunelveli Social Service Society.
Myth as Cultural Memory: Rewriting Indian Epics in Post-Millennial English Fiction through Memory Studies
This paper examines post-millennial Indian English mythological fiction as a dynamic practice of cultural memory rather than merely a revival of epic narrative, popular genre fiction, or historical fantasy. Drawing on Cultural Memory Studies—particularly the theoretical interventions of Jan Assmann and Aleida Assmann—the study conceptualizes contemporary rewritings of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata as mnemonic sites where collective remembrance is preserved, reinterpreted, and transmitted in response to present socio-cultural and ideological conditions. Situating its analysis within the critical framework articulated by Soni, the paper argues that post-millennial mythological fiction marks a significant shift in Indian English writing from postcolonial historiography towards an inward engagement with indigenous civilizational memory. Through close textual analysis of selected works by Amish Tripathi, Anand Neelakantan, and Ashok Banker, the study demonstrates how these narratives mediate between canonical epic memory and archival reinterpretation. By foregrounding ethical ambiguity, humanizing divine figures, recuperating marginalized perspectives, and rationalizing the supernatural, contemporary epic retellings destabilize singular moral authority and collapse rigid distinctions between myth and history. These narrative strategies align with Hayden White’s theory of narrative emplotment, foregrounding the constructed nature of both mythic and historical knowledge. The paper further contends that the relocation of epic narratives into popular English-language fiction constitutes a process of memory democratization, enabling cultural memory to circulate beyond ritualistic, religious, and scholarly domains. Writing myth in English is read not as cultural dilution but as a strategic act of transcultural memory transmission that facilitates the global circulation of Indian cultural memory while retaining its symbolic core. Ultimately, the study positions post-millennial Indian English mythological fiction as a living archive—one that sustains epic traditions through preservation, transformation, and transmission—thereby affirming its significance as a vital literary and cultural practice in twenty-first-century India.
Cultural Memory, Indian English Fiction, Mythology, Post-Millennial Literature, Memory Studies, Indian Epics, Popular Fiction, Transcultural Memory, Amish Tripathi, Anand Neelakantan, Ashok Banker
Culture Performance And Breeding Efficiency Of Jayanti Rohu Compared To Local Rohu (Labeo Rohita) Under Similar Field Conditions
In this study, we compare the culture performance and breeding efficiency of two Rohu varieties—Jayanti Rohu and local Rohu—under controlled laboratory circumstances. So that we could compare growth, reproductive qualities, and early developmental characteristics between the two strains, we kept them in the same environment and used the same husbandry procedures. When compared to the local strain, Jayanti Rohu showed improved growth performance, suggesting that it would be better to cultivate in the field. Jayanti Rohu exhibited increased fecundity, a sign of better breeding efficiency, in relation to reproductive characteristics. Fertilized eggs and newly hatched spawn from Jayanti Rohu were quite small, however the spawn performed substantially better after hatching. When compared to local Rohu, the early stages of Jayanti Rohu larvae were more active and showed better growth during the initial rearing period. When compared to the local strain, the results indicate that Jayanti Rohu has superior growth potential, reproductive efficiency, and early larval vigor. All of these features make Jayanti Rohu a good candidate for use in field-based freshwater aquaculture systems that want to boost output and seed quality.
Culture Performance; Breeding Efficiency; Growth Performance; Spawn Quality; Freshwater Aquaculture
Correlation Of Lipid Metabolism Genes With Drug Resistance Markers
One defining feature of cancer cells is metabolic pathway dysregulation, which prevents them from meeting their bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands. Lipid moieties are physiologically and clinically significant because they are a concentrated source of energy and a source of numerous precursors that fuel cancer's high growth rate Therefore, this review set out to compile and organize data about how samples are prepared for lipid analysis in relation to obesity research. The emergence of medication resistance is a major challenge in cancer treatment. In both the local and TCGA cohorts, research examining the relationship between drug resistance genes and lipid metabolism genes found that ABCC1 was positively associated with CERK and SPHK1.
Correlation, Lipid, Metabolism, Drug, and Resistance