Employment of in vitro and Gamma mutation for micropropagation of Golden Sunrise cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var cerasiforme)

Abstract

An experiment was performed at the laboratory of tissue culture to study the effect of different plant growth hormones on callus induction from different seedling explants of Golden Sunrise cherry tomato. Seeds were irradiated with (0, 20 or 40 Gy) of gamma ray, and germinated on MS medium. Two weeks later, shoot tips, hypocotyls, cotyledon leaves and true leaves were separated from seedlings and cultured on MS medium supplemented with different combinations of plant growth hormones. Factorial completely randomized design (C.R.D) experiments were setup. Seeds germination%, seedling height (cm), day to germinate, callus induction from different explants% beside callus fresh weight (mg) were recorded. Results for all parameters were significantly influenced by different factors. 88% and 100 % of cherry tomato seeds germinated at 20 and 40 Gy respectively. Beside, significant decreasing pattern with seedling height (3.32 cm) was recorded at 40 Gy.  However, when  callus induced from different explants, variance responses were found and among all growth  hormones combinations media containing  (2 BAP + 1.75 kin and 2.0 kin + 2.0 IAA mg. l-1) with all radiation doses (0, 20 and 40) were superior in giving the highest response rate of 100% for all explants excised from cherry tomato seedling also results indicated the superiority of the growth hormonal combinations (2.0 kin + 2.0 IAA mg. l-1) with 20 Gy  in  producing highest callus FW (0.393 mg)  for cotyledon leaves and hypocotyls explants beside  (0.384 mg) at 40 Gy for callus produced from shoot tips and no significant differences were found among those treatments.