Effects of Modifying Orthodontic Adhesive by Thymus Vulgaris Essential Oil On Shear Bond Strength of the Brackets

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Reem Thamer Musleh
Dr. Ali R. Al-Khatib

Abstract

Background: Early enamel changes and white spot lesions could happen in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy who do not  receive strict caries prophylactic care. As some types of natural products may have antimicrobial properties, incorporating them into orthodontic adhesive systems may help to reduce the incidence of dental caries around brackets.


Objectives: The aims of the current study were to investigate and compare the effects of incorporating Thymus vulgaris essential oil on shear bond strengths of  adhesive used to attach orthodontic brackets.


Material and methods: The sample consisted of 30 freshly human upper first premolars of normal shape and size which were newly extracted for orthodontic treatment purposes. The teeth were cleaned, polished, rinse with water, air dried, then,  phosphoric acid gel (37%) was used for etching of the buccal surface. The brackets used were 0.022 × 0.028-inch stainless steel standard edge wise brackets. Brackets were bonded with (3M Unitek,TransbondTM XT, U.S.A) orthodontic composites in three groups: The control group bonded without any modification in adhesive,  experimental or modified groups that used Thymus vulgaris essential oil to be incorporated in the adhesive in concentrations of 1%, 3% wt/wt respectively. Then, shear bond strength test was estimated using universal testing machine with crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min.


Results: The results revealed that Thymus vulgaris essential oil with 1% concentration had the highest shear bond strength mean value after the control group. Whereas, Thymus vulgaris with 3% concentration showed the lowest mean values of shear bond strength. One way analysis of variance demonstrated a significant difference within and between the mean values (p < 0.05). Multiple comparisons showed significant difference in shear  strength between control and Thymus vulgaris  groups in one hand and between  1% and 3%  Thymus vulgaris  groups on the other hand (p < 0.05).


Conclusion: This study concluded that the incorporation of Thymus vulgaris reduced shear strength of the orthodontic adhesive in evident manner particularly 3% concentration.  Further studies are indicated to assess various concentrations of this product on physical properties of the orthodontic adhesive.

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Author Biographies

Reem Thamer Musleh

Pedodontics, Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Iraq.

Dr. Ali R. Al-Khatib

Department of Pedodontics Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Iraq