Effect of polymeric-metallic synthesized Fe3O4 Nano-carrier for bleomycin drug on AKT1 gene expression and cytotoxicity in renal cancer therapy

Abstract

Herein, a drug delivery Nano-carrier was composed of a dextran (DEX) coated superparamagnetic iron nanoparticles (SPIONs) and decorated with folate (FA) to encapsulate bleomycin (BLN). These Nano-formulations in the present project were utilized in vitro to treat kidney cancer cells with anticancer agents. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS).drug encapsulation, and drug release profile were used to characterize the obtained SPION-DEX-BLN-FA in terms of its structural, magnetic, morphological, and size properties. By employing methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium, the effect of SPION-DEX-BLN-cellular FA's toxicity and its ability to induce apoptosis were assessed (MTT) additional to Real Time-PCR tests on kidney cancer A-498 and healthy HK-2 cell lines. The results revealed that the generated NPs were spherical, had acceptable dispersion, and without any agglomeration. The NPs' sizes bare was 29±7.7 whereas the size of all (SPION-DEX-BLN-FA) was 72±23. Present study showed that SPION-DEX-BLN-FA demonstrated significant cell cytotoxicity induction, on A-498 cells. the present findings demonstrated  that SPION-DEX-FA employ synergistic effects to target BLN delivery intracellularly, and in contrast to untreated control cells, the levels of mRNA AKT1 gene was lower gene expression the fold change mean was 0.452 ± 0.08 when treated with SPION-DEX-BLN-FA whereas fold change mean was 1.318 ± 0.05 with SPION-DEX-FA (bare BLN).