Antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonella species isolated from human, sheep and goat in Baghdad governorate, Iraq

Abstract

    Our research focused on the isolation and characterization of Salmonella isolated from human, sheep and goats feces, as well as identification of Salmonella the by biochemical, vitek 2, and confirmed by the 16SrRNA gene, with a procedure of antimicrobial sensitivity approaches. A total of 550 human and sheep, goat feces samples were collected, For the purpose of screening for Salmonella spp, the samples were grown on SS agar and XLD agar, a Vitek 2 compact was used to identify the putative colonies biochemically and assess the organisms' resistance to various antibiotics. The isolates were molecularly identified using polymerase chain reaction. Among the two hundred diarrheic fecal samples prevalence of Salmonella in sheep were 33(16.5%) ,10 isolates were found to be Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis, 13 isolates were found to be Salmonella arizonae, followed by human 30(15%    Among the same number of diarrheic fecal samples (15 isolates found to be S. typhimurium, 9 isolates diagnosed as S.  typhi, 6 cultured as S.  enteritidis, while Among the one hundred fivity of diarrheic fecal  samples from prevalence of Salmonella in goats were  15(10%) (8 and 7 isolates recoverd as S. typhimurium and Enteritidis respectively. The data of the present study revealed that all isolates were showing multidrug resistance, and exhibited resistance to amoxicillin (100%) Cefepime (100%) , Gentamicin (100%), Sulfamethaxol (100%), where by other antibiotic Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime,  Norafloxacin,   demonstrated  varying degrees of resistance, all samples  isolated from human, sheep and goat  showed the highest sensitivity to Imipenem 8(53%),7(70%),5(62%) Meropenem 11(73%) 6(60%), 6(75%)in human, sheep and goat respectively   as well as sensitivity to Norafloxacin in sheep and goat in ratio 10(100%) and 8(100%) respectively     , while Ceftazidime, Amikacin, as well as Ceftriaxone (in sheep) showed intermediate sensitivity  to most salmonella isolates.in ratio   10(66%)  10(66%)    in human   and 9(90%) 8(80%)  in sheep   and 4(50%)  Amikacin in goat.