A Cross Sectional Survey of the Knowledge and Attitude Towards Albinism Diseases and Prevalence of Albino in District Khairpur

Abstract

When a person's skin, hair, or eyes are abnormally light in color, we use the clinical word "albinism" to refer to their condition. Mutations in genes involved in melanin production, melanocyte differentiation/migration, or membrane trafficking cause this condition. Albinism is one of those disorders that tends to be very uncommon overall, but the founder effect has caused it to become more common in certain areas than others. Albinism (sometimes known as "albino") is a condition passed down from parents to kids due to a lack of melanin. Those 5-year-old are most at risk. Typically, these illnesses invade our body (brown hair, white boy blue or green eyes). Ocular albinism type 1 (OCA1) is characterized by abnormally light retinal and iris pigmentation. Skin and hair color are unaffected by this disorder. Complete lack of melanin in the hair and skin is characteristic of oculocutaneous albinism type 2. The study's primary goal was to gather secondary data from several locations in District Khairpur in order to compare albino patients across demographic categories such as gender, age, and tehsil. Between July 2022 and November 2022, 20 people were reported to have albino illnesses. The patient's knowledge and outlook were analyzed using secondary data, with frequency and percentage counts taken and the results described using bar charts and pie charts, respectively. Generally, the ages ranged from ten to thirty. Among the total of 20 recorded cases, 4 were male (20%) and 3 were female (15%). In the district of KhairPur, 13 of the instances involved children. Albinos, their families, the general public, educators, medical professionals, and governmental agencies may all benefit from learning more about albinism via health education campaigns.