Preparation of Solanum Virginianum (L.) And Acacia Nilotica (L.) Leaves Methanolic Extracts and Assessment of Their Anti-Inflammatory and Anti- Oxidant Potentials

Abstract

Inflammation is a reaction of the immune system that occurs in the context of some type of physical damage or infection. Chronic inflammatory diseases develop when normally self-limiting inflammatory processes become chronic. The increased flow of blood and cell metabolism, extravasation of fluid, release of soluble mediators, vasodilatation and influx of cells are all parts of the immune nonspecific response which occurs in response to any form of physiological injury and is the primary marker of inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant potentials of Solanum virginianum (L.)  and Acacia nilotica (L.) leaves Methanolic extracts, using in vitro assays (Human Red Blood Cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization assay, Heat-Induced Hemolysis (HIH) Assay and  DPPH Scavenging assay).The results showed that the stabilization of HRBC by a 100µg/ml dose of S. virginianum were 75±1.33% While the stabilization of HRBC by A. nilotica was 78±2.05%. The HRBC also showed high heat tolerance of 72±1.8% protection with S. virginianum and that of A. nilotica was 76±1.93% at a dose of 100µg/mL. In the antioxidant activity of S. virginianum and A. nilotica scavenging rates were 71.01±0.43 and 75.31±0.55% respectively. In conclusion, S. virginianum and A. nilotica exhibit high anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The results of this study demonstrate that the investigated plants have strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant potentials.