Perspectives On Bioactive Compounds And Pharmacological Applications Of Lawsonia Inermis L.

Abstract

Lawsoniainermis, commonly known as henna and belonging to the Lythraceae family, is a versatile plant with significant therapeutic potential. Beyond its cosmetic applications, various parts of the plant are widely used in traditional medicine. This present study reviews the pharmacology and phytochemistry of L. inermis to provide reliable scientific evidence for its biological activities. Research has revealed its antibacterial and antifungal properties against several strains, including those responsible for skin infections. Compounds from henna may inhibit key enzymes of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, offering promise for COVID-19 treatment. It also exhibits antioxidant properties and has shown potential in memory enhancement and Alzheimer's disease management. Henna's anticonvulsant effects suggest its usefulness in managing seizures, and it has displayed potential in wound healing and hair growth. It shows notable antioxidant activity and selective cytotoxicity against certain cancer cells, sparing healthy ones. In diabetes management, henna exhibits hypoglycemic effects and alpha-glucosidase inhibition. Additionally, it accelerates wound closure, aids in pressure ulcer healing, and may have effects on the estrous cycle. Henna's larvicidal properties make it a natural insecticide against malaria vectors and mosquitoes, showcasing its diverse therapeutic applications. Phytochemical analyses of Lawsoniainermis (henna) extracts indicate the presence of various compounds, including tannins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, alkaloids, resins, and steroids. Notably, specific compounds like pseudoephedrine, phytol, oleanolic acid, 3-O-(Z)-coumaroyloleanolic acid, betulinic acid, β-sitosterol, lawsone, fraxetin, and luteolin-3-O-glucoside have been identified in henna extracts. These phytochemicals contribute to the diverse therapeutic properties and potential applications of henna in various fields. The medicinal properties of L. inermis are diverse and continue to be a subject of investigation, highlighting its potential for various therapeutic applications. This review underscores the diverse therapeutic possibilities of L. inermisand collectively offer valuable insights into the multifaceted therapeutic applications of L. inermis.