Morphology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of constituent plants of Trikatu in Ayurveda- A review study.

Abstract

Trikatu, an ancient herbal formulation in Ayurvedic medicine, is composed of three pungent spices: black pepper (Piper nigrum), long pepper (Piper longum), and ginger (Zingiber officinale). These ingredients are revered for their potent digestive, respiratory, and metabolic benefits. Trikatu is traditionally used to balance the Kapha and Vata doshas, enhance Agni (digestive fire), and promote the bioavailability of nutrients and medications through its ability to improve digestion and absorption. This synergistic blend acts as a natural stimulant, carminative, and expectorant, helping alleviate respiratory issues such as cough, cold, and asthma. Its thermogenic properties aid in fat metabolism and support weight management, making it a popular remedy for managing obesity and hyperlipidaemia. Scientific research corroborates many of Trikatu's traditional uses, indicating that its bioactive compounds, particularly piperine and gingerols, exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. Additionally, Trikatu enhances the absorption of various drugs and nutrients, a property known as bio enhancement, which makes it a valuable adjunct in therapeutic formulations. However, further clinical studies are needed to explore its full therapeutic potential and establish standardized dosages for diverse health conditions. Overall, Trikatu represents a powerful, natural remedy that bridges the gap between traditional Ayurvedic wisdom and modern science.