A Review of Sustainable High-Performance Materials: Hybrid AA 7068/ZRO₂/Fly Ash Composites for Advanced Engineering Applications

Abstract

Hybrid metal matrix composites (HMMCs) have emerged as a promising class of materials, offering superior mechanical, thermal, and tribological properties for advanced engineering applications. This study explores the potential of developing AA 7068-based hybrid composites reinforced with zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂) and fly ash, aiming to enhance strength, wear resistance, and sustainability. AA 7068, a high-strength aluminum alloy, is identified as a suitable matrix material due to its exceptional mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. ZrO₂, a ceramic reinforcement with high hardness and fracture toughness, is expected to improve wear resistance and mechanical strength. Fly ash, an industrial byproduct, offers the benefits of weight reduction, damping enhancement, and environmental sustainability. A comprehensive literature survey indicates that the combination of AA 7068 with ZrO₂ and fly ash has the potential to yield a lightweight, high-strength composite with improved thermal stability and wear resistance. Based on prior research, stir casting is considered a viable fabrication method for achieving uniform reinforcement distribution and cost-effective production. Future experimental investigations will focus on fabricating and characterizing these hybrid composites to evaluate their mechanical, tribological, and thermal properties. The anticipated results could pave the way for their application in aerospace, automotive, and structural industries, where lightweight and high-performance materials are crucial. Further research will aim to optimize processing conditions, reinforcement dispersion, and interfacial bonding to maximize the material’s performance and industrial viability.