Molecular Profiling and Disease Management of Musca Domestica in Salah Al-Din Governorate: A Comprehensive Study on House Fly Populations

Abstract

The present study was conducted in the Al-Alam district of Salah Al-Din Governorate, with the aim of identifying the types of Musca domestica present in the region. The house fly (Musca domestica L.) is a common and widespread insect that has coexisted with humans since ancient times. It is known for its role as a household, veterinary, and medical pest, as well as a vector for various pathogens affecting humans, poultry, and livestock. In this study, the house fly specimens were registered in the World Genome Bank under the accession number op975717.1.The significance of this research lies in understanding the role of house flies in disease transmission and the spoilage of food. House flies are found in both urban and rural areas, particularly in polluted environments and waste disposal sites, where they can contaminate human food, excrement, animal dung, and decomposing organic matter. As a result, they contribute to the spread of diseases such as typhoid, cholera, dysentery, paratyphoid, and diarrhea, as well as the transmission of intestinal worms, smallpox, and cutaneous anthrax.Given the importance of studying the symbiotic relationship between microbes and insects in disease transmission, researchers have explored various strategies to combat house fly infestations. This study emphasizes the need for effective molecular diagnosis techniques to identify and control Musca domestica populations, thereby mitigating the risks associated with vector-borne diseases. By understanding the biology and behavior of house flies, it becomes possible to implement targeted measures to reduce their impact on public health and hygiene.