Study the prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in women attending a tertiary care hospital in Uttar Pradesh

Abstract

Background: Gestational Diabetes mellitus (DM) is becoming more common worldwide, particularly in emerging nations like India. Increased urbanization, declining levels of physical activity, alterations in food habits, and an increase in obesity are all factors contributing to the rising prevalence in developing nations. Gestational diabetes increases the risk of complications for both
mother and child during pregnancy, childbirth and beyond.

Aim and Objective: The present study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in women attending a tertiary care hospital in Uttar Pradesh

Methodology: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Santosh Hospital, Ghaziabad, after receiving ethical clearance from the ethical committee of Santosh University. Pregnant women with singleton pregnancy at 24th to 28th week of gestation coming for routine antenatal check-up were selected in chronological order from January 2012 to June 2013. Women known to have pre-existing diabetes were excluded from the studies.

Result: Only 576 of the 700 women who were recruited for the study returned for the 2-hour, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and finished the experiment. The participants' ages (mean±SD) were 25.3 ± 3.9. The average age of women who were diagnosed with GDM was 27.1± 4.1. GDM was present in 51 women (8.9%) confirmed by OGTT. In the age group of ≥ 30 years; 14 women (14.6 %) had GDM as compared to 17 women (7.7%) in the age group ≤ 30 years.

Conclusion: Numerous recent research have found that Indian women have a high frequency of GDM. When a woman has gestational diabetes, her risk of problems throughout pregnancy, labor, and beyond increases.