Peri-implantitis and its management: A Review

Abstract

Implant failure is a major concern for implantologists and knowledge of its management is very prime in clinical practice. Periimplantitis is defined as an inflammatory response in which there is a loss of the supporting bone of the implant. Clinical signs of infection such as hyperplastic soft tissues, suppuration, colour changes of the marginal peri-implant tissues and gradual bone loss signify failure of implant. This site-specific infection may have many features in common with chronic adult periodontitis. Implant failure is also accompanied by surgical trauma, micromotion and overload. The absence of osseointegration is characterised by mobile implant and radiolucency leading to failure of implant. Progressive marginal bone loss without marked mobility is also a key factor in implant failure. The purpose of this concise review is to discuss various risk factors for implant failure, evaluation of parameters leading to implant failure and their management.