Relationship between dose and response in thyroid cancer caused by Radiation

Abstract

The relationship between radiation exposure and the development of thyroid cancer has been well established, and the dose of radiation given to the thyroid gland and the age of exposure are the two main risk factors for the disease. After receiving a mean dose of more than 0.05–0.1 Gy, the risk increases (50–100 mGy). The risk is greater in childhood, diminishes with exposure age, and is minimal in adults. The minimum latency period following exposure is 5–10 years before thyroid cancer manifests. The most common type of thyroid cancer discovered after radiation exposure is papillary carcinoma (PTC), with a higher prevalence of the solid subtype in young children and a short latency period for papillary carcinoma (PTC) in adults. After receiving a dose of radiation to the thyroid greater than 0.05–0.1 Gy, the risk of developing thyroid cancer is greater in childhood and diminishes with age.