Evaluation Of Pro-Apoptotic Effect of Aegle Marmelos Fruit Extract on Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Abstract

Background: One of the most significant therapeutic plants in Ayurveda is bael. Bael is regarded as a healing tree that fortifies the body and is known as a symbol of fertility. It is said that a sweet drink made from the pulp of ripe fruit can treat bacillary dysentery. Unripe Bael fruits are said to be effective in treating stomach aches, diarrhoea, and dysentery with periods of constipation. The roots are also a key component in the Ayurvedic medicine Dashamula, which is used as a treatment for colitis, dysentery, diarrhoea, flatulence, and fever. The leaves are said to lessen diarrhoea, dysentery, bleeding piles, dropsy (edoema), and digestive problems.

Breast cancer is not an infectious or contagious illness. Only gender (female) and age, the only known risk factors for breast cancer in women, account for almost half of all cases (over 40 years). Ageing, obesity, drinking too much alcohol, radiation exposure history, family history of breast cancer, reproductive history (such as age at first pregnancy and age at first menstruation), smoking, and postmenopausal hormone therapy are some variables that raise the risk of breast cancer.

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the pro-apoptotic effect of Aegle marmelos fruit extract on breast cancer cells. Materials and methods: Cell line maintenance, Preparation of the Herbal Extract, Cell morphological analysis-inverted microscope, Cell migration analyzed by scratch wound healing assay, Statistical analysis-One way ANOVA followed by students-test using SPSS. Results: The chemical constituents found in the extract reveals the anti cancer properties of the extract as it suppresses the migration and proliferation of  MCF-7 cells. In our study cells were treated with Aegle marmelos fruit extract 20μg/ml for 24 hours along with the control group. These results revealed that Aegle marmelos inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, changed the cytoplasmic morphology, reduced the invasion and migration ability of MCF-7 cells and exhibited pro apoptotic effects. Conclusion: The study concluded that the Aegle marmelos fruit extract processes pro-apoptotic effects on breast cancer cell lines.