Hydrogeochemical And Water Quality Analysis Of Groundwater In Churu District,Rajasthan

Abstract

Churu is located in the south eastern part of Rajasthan state between 27⁰ 24' 31.50” to 29⁰ 00' 01.74” North latitudes and 73⁰ 50' 39.45’’ to 75⁰ 40' 31.85’’ East longitudes. Churu spreads over an area of 13858 sq.km falling within the semiarid region and normally facing water scarcity as well as quality problems. The major sources of occupation are agriculture, horticulture and animal husbandry, engaging almost 80% of the workforce. Evaluation of groundwater quality is an important issue to assure from its safe and stable use. Seven major parameters (via, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sodium, potassium, fluoride, sulphate) were selected to assess the water quality. The samples like G-1, G-3, G-4, G-7, G-8, G-9, G-11, G- 12, G-14, G-16, G-23, G-25 and G-26 were found to be with high fluoride concentration more than permissible value. Eight samples have acceptable water quality for drinking and agriculture purpose but remaining 18 sample were found to be above permissible limits of WHO and BIS. The hydrochemical type in surface water was of CaCl > Mixed Ca Mg Cl > CaHCO3 > NaCl type. The cations and anions in surface water were mainly from weathering and dissolution of carbonate rock. Results showed that the water quality in all 26 sampling sites. Some parameters show average concentration or adequate concentration and some parameters show high concentration. The reason can be attributed to geochemicalinteractions