GC-MS Profiling Of Diverse Bioactive Compounds In Costus Igneus Leaf Extracts

Abstract

Costus igneus, popularly recognized as the insulin plant, belongs to the Spiral Flag family Costaceae and has been recently introduced in India after originating from South and Central America. Predominantly cultivated as an ornamental plant in southern India, its leaves are also utilized as a dietary supplement in diabetes mellitus treatment. Traditionally acclaimed for its diverse medicinal properties. In this study, comprehensive chromatographic and spectral analyses, particularly using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds in Costus igneus extracts. Notably, Cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl-(cyclic hydrocarbon), a compound with potential therapeutic significance, was identified.  Methyl salicylate demonstrated antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. Diethyl Phthalate exhibited antimicrobial, acetyl cholinesterase, and neurotoxic activities. The study then focused on the purification and characterization of Cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl-. Fraction-1 obtained from the crude ethanolic leaf extract was analyzed using GC-MS and H1, C13 NMR, confirming the presence and providing structural confirmation of the targeted compound.