In Vitro Effect of Terminalia Arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn Plant Extracts Against Anti-Arthritic and Anti- Glycation Activities in Egg Albumin

Abstract

Many natural plant ingredients have been utilized for centuries in siddha therapy to suppress inflammatory pathways and wound heal in diabetic patient with little side effects. Many parts of the Terminalia arjuna plant are utilized in siddha medicine to treat a range of illnesses. However, there is a dearth of literature evaluating the pharmacological characteristics with anti-inflammatory and anti-glycation activities. The aim of the study was to investigate anti-inflammatory and anti- glycation property of T. arjuna using egg albumin denaturation activity. Terminalia arjuna (bark and leaf) extraction was performed using heated at 70°C for 2 hour. The concentration gradient of extracts was prepared using water and 70% ethanol. The extract with egg albumin was incubated in a water bath at 57 oC for 3 minutes and One nonsteroidal anti‑inflammatory drug acetyl salicylic acid was used as reference drugs. The percentage inhibition of protein denaturation was calculated by spectrophotometry. . A mixture of egg albumin (EA) and 500 mM glucose in 100 mM phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) was incubated at 37°C for 20 days in the dark with a gentle shaking followed by the addition of plant extracts. The percentage inhibition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) was calculated by spectrophotometry. Both aqueous and 70% ethanol extracts from leaves exhibited substantial inhibition percentages, particularly at higher concentrations (48% of 200,59% of 400 μg/ml, 61.22% 600 μg/ml), (52% of 200,64% of 400 μg/ml, 71% 600 μg/ml) respectively over bark extract. The inhibition rate of egg albumin denaturation in extraction increased gradually with concentration. Significantly higher inhibition was showed in leaf extract than bark extracts. In addition, Lowest browning of 78.5 %,64.22%,39% were seen in the ethanolic extract of leaf when 200 µg/mL, 400 µg/mL,600 µg/mL were treated to glycated egg albumin that had been compared without extract (100%) over other extract. the inhibition rate of Advanced glycation end products (AGEs)  was also significantly higher (AGEs)  in leaf plant extract. The means ± SD of the data (n = 3, p < 0.05) are significant value displayed.  Anti-inflammatory and anti- Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) activity increases with the concentration of Terminalia arjuna plant extract.