Green Sonochemical Synthesis Of Isoxazolidine Derivatives Via 1,3 Dipolar Cycloaddition Of Nitrones To Styrene In DMC As A Solvent

Abstract

Using three sonochemical green techniques, several nitrones were synthesized from N-phenylhydroxylamine and aldehydes, utilizing dimethyl carbonate as a green solvent under ultrasonic irradiation. These nitrones were then employed in ultrasound-assisted 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions with styrene in aqueous ethanol, leading to the production of new isoxazolidines with high yields (85-95%) and short reaction times (30 minutes), demonstrating complete regioselectivity. This combined sonochemical-green method improves sustainability, lowers energy usage, and offers scalable access to functionalized isoxazolidine frameworks.