Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Selected Nanoparticles: A Review

Abstract

Recently, nanobiotechnology has attracted a lot of attention, as it is a rapidly emerging field which is still growing and developing efficient and advanced therapeutic protocols under the umbrella of nanomedicine and environmental remediation. It can revolutionize solutions to biomedical problems by developing effective treatment protocols and therapeutics. In this review, we come across the green synthesised metal oxide nanoparticles such as iron oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide and some other mixed metal oxides using different plant sources, their characterisation techniques and applications. The seasonal distributions of plants and their compositions as well as issues with low purity and poor yield were the major concerns. Anyhow, current environmental problems and problems associated with chemical synthesis, were also taken in mind and selected green synthesis as an alternative development prospect with potential applications. However, focus and research are still required to make these therapeutics more effective and safer to use.