The DNA Barcoding of Tilapia Species from Wasile, East Halmahera, North Maluku, Indonesia

Abstract

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most in-demand freshwater commodities for consumption purposes because of its delicious taste and relatively affordable price. This commodity is often cultivated because it is easy to maintain, grows fast, and is resistant to changes in air quality. To scrutinize the difference between the domestic and foreign Tilapia, the DNA barcoding was done by identifying species using gene sequences from the genome to identify morphologically similar species. This study aims to determine the genetic variation of red and black tilapia from East Halmahera, Indonesia. Samples of red and black tilapia were analyzed at the Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Bogor Freshwater Aquaculture Research Institute (BRPBAT). Employing the experimental method, samples of tilapia collected in bio floc ponds were taken. The extraction was done by taking DNA through fish organs from the fins using the Phenol-Chloroform method. The samples were vortexed for 1 minute and incubated at 37ºC for 24 hours. The samples were then centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes and vortexed for 1 minute until the white lumps were seen. The precipitated DNA was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes; the samples were then dried at room temperature. The DNA pellet was dissolved with 100 l Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer and stored at 4ºC. The results of the study showed that when the Wasile fish blast samples were compared to samples of tilapia from Myanmar, Merauke, and Malang, the four samples were tilapia with the type of Oreochromis niloticus.