A cross-sectioal study among obese and non-smoker participants of North Indian Population

Abstract

Background: The worldwide obesity epidemic is a serious public health concern that is linked to a number of dangers, including detrimental effects on the respiratory system. Even in the absence of obvious lung illness, those who are overweight or obese are more prone to experience respiratory problems than those with a healthy body mass index (BMI). Research has also demonstrated a rise in self-reported dyspnea and wheeze in obese individuals compared to lean individuals during rest and during physical activity. Even in the absence of obvious lung illness, those who are overweight or obese are more prone to experience respiratory problems than those with a healthy body mass index (BMI). While attempting to pinpoint the precise role that obesity plays in the emergence of respiratory issues, several concurrent medical diseases may also occur. Obesity has been proven to affect the functionality of the respiratory muscles. Respiratory muscles may get overworked if there is a mix of heavy breathing and a decline in function. This could contribute to an increased need for oxygen for ventilation and heighten feelings of being out of breath.

Aim and Objective: To find out the correction between BMI and Lung volumes on obese and normal population.

Materials and Methods: The data collection has been done in the Department of Physiology, MDBASMC, Deoria (U.P.) after prior consent from the participants of 100 (n=50 Normal males & n=50 Obese Males) by the help of manual spirometry and match with the digital one. The BMI calculation done by after measuring the height and weight  of individuals.

Observation & Results: The frequency (f) and percentage (%) of taken parameters calculated as 16 (32%), 16 (32%), 08 (16%), 05 (10%), 03 (6%) and 02 (4%)were found in the average person age group 18–20, 21–23, 24–26, 27-29, 30-32 and 33–35. The Mean ± SD of given parameters were found that increase in BMI level significantly as 29.02 ± 4.62 in obese individuals as compared to the BMI level 22.52 ± 2.02 in normal participants. There was insignificant correlation found among FEV1 in normal participants and FEV1. However, the FEV1/FVC ratio in obese males as compared to the FEV1/FVC in normal males was significantly correlated as P = 0.0001 while FEF25-75% and PEFR are comparably correlated among normal males and obese males.

Conclusion: The study found a strong correlation between PFT and obesity. It was also concluded that there is significant increase in the FEV1/FVC ratio. There is increment of IRV values to keep vital power constant. From this study it is further concluded that BMI is not the unique indicator for PFT.